| Class and Class No. | 3A (14) |
| Name: | Leung Yiu Wang |
| Year: | 2017-2018 |
Instruction: Type in useful information in the space provided.
| Chinese name: | 天麻 |
| Family Name (科名): | Orchidaceous |
| Scientific name (學名): | Gastrodia elata |
| Common name (俗名): | Gastrodia赤箭 離母 煨天麻 鬼督郵 神草 獨搖芝 赤箭脂 定風草 合離草 獨搖 自動草 水洋芋 明天麻 |
| 習性：
天麻需與木腐菌共生 |
Growth habit:
Gastrodia elata grows in symbiosis with the fungus Armillaria mellea on rotting wood |
| 葉：
無葉 |
Leaf:
No leaf present |
| 花：
花扭转，橙黄、淡黄、蓝绿或黄白色，近直立，花期4-5月 |
Flower:
Twisted flowers, yellow, light yellow, blue-green or yellowish white, nearly upright, flowering between April to July |
| 果：
蒴果，果期7－8月 |
Fruit:
Capsule, matured from July to August |
| 性味功能
甘，平。歸肝經。息風止痙，平抑肝陽，袪風通絡。 |
Properties
Sweet, flat. Calm the liver, Qufeng meridians. |
| 主治
用於肝風內動，驚癇抽搐。用於眩暈，頭痛。用於肢麻痙攣抽搐，風濕痹痛。 |
Treats
For curing the liver problem. For curing dizziness, headache. For curing limb pain. |
| 知多一點點：
分布於尼泊爾、不丹、印度、日本（北海道、本州、四國、九州）、朝鮮、西伯利亞、台灣以及中國大陸的吉林、遼寧、內蒙古、河北、山西、陝西、甘肅、江蘇、安徽、浙江、江西、河南、湖南、湖北、四川、貴州、雲南、西藏等地，生長於海拔400－3200米的地區，多見於疏林下、林中空地、林緣、灌叢邊緣。天麻的根狀莖為珍貴的中藥材，目前已由人工廣泛栽培。 |
More to learn:
They are distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hong Kong and Taiwan in Nepal, Bhutan, India and Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu), North Korea, Siberia and Taiwan, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet and other places, growing at an altitude of 400-3200 meters in the area, more common in the sparse forest, open space, forest margin, shrub edge. Gastrodia Rhizome precious Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely cultivated by man. |
Previous Scientific Research (if any):
| N/A |
Useful Link:
| Topics | Hyperlinks |
| 醫砭» 常用中藥(636味) | http://yibian.hopto.org/yao/?yno=57 |
| 天麻- 维基百科，自由的百科全书 | https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%BA%BB |
Questions:
| (Beginner) | Q1. Where do they mainly be distributed ?
Answer: They are distributed in Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hong Kong and Taiwan in Nepal, Bhutan, India and Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu), North Korea, Siberia and Taiwan, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet and other places, growing at an altitude of 400-3200 meters. |
| (Elementary) | Q2. Which part of the plant is the most valuable?
Answer: The root of the plant is the most valuable part. |
| (Advanced) | Q3. Guess the Chemical properties
Answer: 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and gastrodin can be found in the orchid G. elata. It also produces 2,4-Bis(4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol, gastrol, gastrodigenin and other related compounds. |
