RS036 Breccia(Calcrete)

Class: 5E
Name: Luk Hau Lam
Year: 2017 – 2018

 

地質年代:(化石) (岩石)

化學組成, 鍵及結構:(礦物)

 

方解石,粘土,長石,磷酸鹽,石英,矽石

 

Geological Age: (Fossil) (Rock)

Chemical composition, bonding and structure: (Mineral)

 

Calcite, Clay, Feldspar, Phosphates, Quartz, Silica

 

形成:(岩石) (礦物)

 

當那些破碎的石,有棱角的石碎片或礦物碎片聚集在一起時。

有許多類型的角礫岩,包括沉積,斷層和火成岩形成。

沉積角礫岩是由重力作用下的土壤,沙土和岩石移動下坡的一種地貌過程,通過大量消耗形成的。通常形成厚的沉積角礫岩層。沿著埋藏的河道,角礫岩也可能是有利的。

斷層角礫岩是由於兩條斷層相互滑動的磨削作用而產生的。它填補了造成膠結過程的孔隙,將破碎的碎片通過地下水的礦物膠結在一起。

擠出的火成角礫岩是由火山噴發形成的。火山角礫岩環境在高溫攝氏度下形成爆發性火山,並侵入角礫岩環境。

侵入的火成角礫岩是在岩漿轉化為固結或凝固岩漿時形成的。

 

原生物:(化石)

Formation:(Rock) (Mineral)

 

When those broken rocks , angular rock fragments or mineral debris is gathered together.

There are many types of breccia , including sedimentary , fault and igneous rocks.

Sedimentary breccia forms by mass wasting which is a kind of geomorphic process by soil, sand and rock moving downslope, under the care of gravity. Thick sedimentary breccia layer are generally formed. Breccia may also be favorable along a buried stream channel.

Fault breccia is resulted from the grinding action of two faults sliding past each other. It fills in the pores causing the process of cementation , cemented the broken fragments together by the minerals of groundwater.

Extrusive igneous breccia is formed by the rapid eruption of the volcano. Within the high degree Celsius leading to the explosive volcanoes ,the volcanic breccia environment combined into the intrusive  breccia environment.

Intrusive igneous breccia rocks are formed when the magma was transformed into consolidated or solidified magma.

 

Living Specimens: (Fossil)

特性:

 

由於有棱角的碎表面粗糙, 晶粒尺寸為2毫米或更多(中等到粗粒),肉眼可見。角礫岩擁有多種顏色,它的顔色的改變主要是因為當中包含了石碎片和水泥等物質。它的斷裂是不平衡的。 角質層的多孔性相對較低。

Properties:

 

It is rough to touch due to Angular fragments. The grain size is 2 mm or more(medium to coarse grained) and the clasts are visible by naked eye.

Breccia can be in any color, it’s color depends on the colors of the cement, matrix and rock fragments. It’s fracture is uneven. The Provisory of a Breccia is relatively low.

用途:(岩石) (礦物)

 

角礫岩主要用作道路基礎和填縫工程,也用作牆面和地板裝飾的石板。 它在某些項目中很少使用,因為當中包括考慮粘接能力水平和高度不固定的施工。

Application: (Rock) (Mineral)

 

Breccia mainly use as road base and fill for roading industry.It also used as  demonstration stone for decoration of walls and floors. It rarely used in some projects consist go construction which consider the cementation and competence level are highly inconstant.

分佈:(岩石) (礦物)

 

角礫岩主要是在一些國家,如加拿大,英國,日本和新西蘭分佈在沿海地區和湖區。

Distribution: (Rock) (Mineral)

 

Breccia mainly are distributed in coastal areas and lake district at some countries such as Canada, England, Japan and New Zealand.

知多一點點:

 

礫岩與角礫岩非常相似,分別在於礫岩的石碎片是經過水的磨擦

More to learn:

Breccia is similar to conglomerate, the difference is that conglomerate have been rounded by moving water.