名稱 左旋峨螺化石 Name Neptunea Contraria Gastropod Fossil 地質年代 晚更新世 Geological Age Late Pleistocene 描述 Description 地點 沃爾頓海角,英國 Location Walton-on-Naze, UK 參考 Reference 編者 由 ________ 編寫 _________ 於17/1/18最後編改 Editor Created by __________ Last modified by ________ as on 17/1/2018
名稱 針絲藻屬海綿化石 Name Raphidonema Contortum Sea Sponge Fossil 地質年代 白堊紀 Geological Age Cretaceous 描述 / Description / 地點 巴克夏,英國 Location Berkshire, UK 參考 Reference / 編者 由 ________ 編寫 _________ 於17/1/18最後編改 Editor Created by __________ Last modified by ________ as on 17/1/2018
名稱 瓦勒邁松化石Name Wollemi Pine Fossil地質年代 /Geological Age / 描述 瓦勒邁杉（學名：Wollemia nobilis），又名恐龍杉、沃萊米杉或梧來米松是南洋杉科下瓦勒邁杉屬（又稱沃萊米杉屬）的唯一種，屬於孑遺植物，於1994年在澳洲雪梨西北面150公里，新南威爾斯的瓦勒邁國家公園溫帶雨林的狹窄及陡斜的沙岩峽谷中被發現。瓦勒邁杉是一種常綠植物，樹高達25-40米。樹皮非常獨特，呈深褐色及多節。枝幹是獨一的，在所枝幹上都不會更細的枝幹。枝幹變為垂直及發展成次要樹幹是非常罕有的。Description Wollemia is a genus of coniferous tree in the family Araucariaceae. Wollemia was only known through fossil records until the Australian species Wollemia nobilis was discovered in 1994 in a temperate rainforest wilderness area of the Wollemi National Park in New South Wales, in a remote series of narrow, steep-sided sandstone gorges 150 km north-west of Sydney. The genus is named for the National Park. Wollemia nobilis is an evergreen tree reaching 25–40 m (82–131…
名稱 三葉蟲化石Name Elrathia sp. Fossil地質年代 寒武紀Geological Age Cambrian描述 三葉蟲是海洋生物，是最早的節肢動物群之一，也是當時最成功的動物之一，在海洋中漫遊超過2.7億年。他們的身體由三部分組成：頭部，身體和尾巴。這些生物的大小並不相同。愛爾納蟲（學名：Elrathia），又名艾雷斯蟲、厄拉夏蟲，是生存於寒武紀海洋中的一屬三葉蟲，生活在大陸棚海底。這類三葉蟲的頭比胸要小。眉間很小呈花盆狀，小眼睛和短小的三角形頰部棘刺長在中心部位。胸部分為13節，有條窄小的中軸和寬闊的側板，最後是短小多刺的末梢。尾部大小中等，寬是長的兩倍，中軸延伸到尾部。Description Elrathia is a genus of ptychopariid trilobite species that lived during the Middle Cambrian of Utah, and possibly British Columbia. It was marine creatures that were one of the earliest groups of arthropods, and some of the most successful animals of their time, roaming the oceans for over 270 million years. E. kingii is one of the most common trilobite fossils in the USA locally found in extremely high concentrations within the Wheeler Formation in the…
名稱 三葉蟲化石Name Trilobite Collection Plate地質年代 泥盆纪Geological Age Devonian描述 三葉蟲綱（學名：Trilobita）的動物通稱三葉蟲，是節肢動物門中已經滅絕的一綱。牠們最早出現於寒武紀，在古生代早期達到頂峰，此後逐漸減少至滅絕。最晚的三葉蟲（砑頭蟲目）於二億五千萬年前二疊紀結束時的生物集群滅絕中消失。三葉蟲的軀體分三個體段（tagmata）：頭部由口前的兩個體節和口後的四個體節完全融合在一起組成，胸部由可以相互運動的體節組成，尾部由最後幾個羽尾扇和完全融合在一起的體節組成。最原始的三葉蟲尾部的體節構造相當簡單。三葉蟲的胸部非常靈活——化石的三葉蟲有時會像現今的地鱉一樣可以將身體卷在一起來保護自己。雖然三葉蟲只在背部有盔甲，但是它們的外骨骼還是相當沉重的，牠們的外骨骼是由甲殼素為主的蛋白質聯合方解石和磷化鈣等礦物組成的。不像其他節肢動物那樣能夠在蛻皮前重新吸收外骨骼中的大部分礦物，三葉蟲在蛻皮是將所有盔甲中的礦物全部拋棄，因此一隻三葉蟲可以留下多個良好地礦物化的外骨骼，這提高了三葉蟲化石的數量。Description Trilobite, any member of a group of extinct fossil arthropods easily recognized by their distinctive three-lobed, three-segmented form. Trilobites, exclusively marine animals, first appeared at the beginning of the Cambrian Period, about 542 million years ago, when they dominated the seas. Although they became less abundant in succeeding geologic periods, a few forms persisted into the Permian Period, which ended about 251 million years ago. Trilobites had three body lobes, two of which lay on each…
名稱 三葉蟲化石Name Cambropallas sp. Fossil地質年代 泥盆纪Geological Age Devonian描述 三葉蟲是一個非常知名的化石動物，是已經滅絕的節肢動物門的一綱最早出現於寒武紀。三葉蟲於二疊紀結束時的生物集體滅絕中消失。Description Trilobites are famous fossil, it is a fossil of extinct marine arachnomorph arthtopods. It is a earlist known group of Arthropoda. As the fossil of trilobites, it disappeared in the mass extinction at the end of the Permian.地點 摩洛哥Location Morocco參考 Reference /編者 由 3E (16) 劉璟霖 於5/6/2018 編寫 _________ 於17/1/18最後編改 Editor Created by 3E (16) Lau King Lam on 5/6/2018 Last modified by ________ as on 17/1/2018
名稱 珊瑚化石Name Coral Fossil地質年代 石炭紀Geological Age Carboniferous Period描述 石柱珊瑚是一種廣為人知的四射珊瑚，有許多生活在一起的個體，它們是群體珊瑚，珊瑚單體的輪廓為圓形，彼此不接觸。四射珊瑚最初形成6個原生隔膜﹐後生的隔膜數和觸手數是4或4的倍數﹐其外壁表面常有環狀皺紋。該物種主要生活在3.59億年前的石炭紀時期，並在古生代末期滅絕。這個特殊的樣本是在北威爾士的安格爾西島上發現的，突出了石灰岩中眾多的個體標本。Description Lithostrotion junceum is a well known species of rugose coral, exhibiting numerous individual specimens living together, they were a colonial coral, the corallites were circular in outline and not in contact with each other. Due to this and the random orientation of the fauna upon death, the rock is sometimes referred to as “Spaghetti Rock”. This species lived predominantly during the Carboniferous period from 359 million years ago and became extinct toward the end of the…
名稱 珊瑚化石Name Coral Fossil地質年代 / Geological Age /描述 珊瑚之名來自古波斯語sanga（石），是對珊瑚蟲群體及其骨骼的通稱。珊瑚蟲為刺絲胞動物門珊瑚綱，身體呈圓筒狀，有八個或八個以上的觸手，觸手中央有口。多群居，結合成一個群體，形狀像樹枝，不少人因而以為是植物。雖然珊瑚無法移動，但由於牠們能夠伸出觸手來捕食。亞里士多德最初稱這種生物為「zoophyta」，意思是介乎動物與植物之間的生物。十世紀時，波斯學者比魯尼曾提議將牠們歸類為動物，但一直到十八世紀牠們才被正式併入動物界。之所以會有珊瑚枝，是因為珊瑚蟲底部所生長的骨骼，也可以叫珊瑚石或簡稱珊瑚。因為多孔性和枝狀生長，還能給許多微生物和魚類居住，又被稱為活石，主要產在熱帶海中。Description Corals are marine invertebrates within the class Anthozoa of the phylum Cnidaria. They typically live in compact colonies of many identical individual polyps. Corals species include the important reef builders that inhabit tropical oceans and secrete calcium carbonate to form a hard exoskeleton. It is this exoskeleton that is usually fossilized. Fossil corals also tell us about the past. Since many corals live in warm, shallow sea water, their fossils are good indicators of environmental conditions. Fossil…
名稱 鯊魚牙化石Name Shark Tooth Fossil地質年代 /Geological Age /描述 鯊魚最早於三億八千萬年前(泥盆紀)開始出現，牠們屬於軟骨魚類，身體沒有魚鰾，擁有鰭部和流線型的身體，游泳速度極快， 是天生的掠食者，鯊魚數億年來於海洋中的地位一直居處於最頂層，其外表至今並沒有大的改變。由於軟骨魚類死後的骨骼分解要比硬骨魚類容易得多，所以完整的鯊魚化石是非 常罕見，而鯊魚的牙齒因為經常會自然脫落或在進食時掉落 (但牙齒仍是會不斷更新)，加上牙齒比較堅硬，所以於地層中經常可以找到各種鯊魚的牙齒化石。可以分析這些化石的鯊魚進化和生物學信息; 它們通常是鯊魚化石的唯一部分。 化石牙齒構成了板鰓亞綱的大部分化石記錄，延續了數億年。 鯊魚牙齒也可用於研究牙齒結構，鯊魚遷移模式和識別鯊魚物種。Description In some formations, shark’s teeth are a common fossil. These fossils can be analyzed for information on shark evolution and biology; they are often the only part of the shark to be fossilized. Fossil teeth comprise much of the fossil record of the Elasmobranchii, extending back to hundreds of millions of years. Shark teeth are also useful in conducting research about the structure of teeth, shark migration patterns, and identifying…
名稱 獅頭蟲化石Name Leonaspis Fossil地質年代 /Geological Age /描述 獅頭蟲是生存在晚奧陶紀至中泥盆紀海洋中的一屬三葉蟲。這類三葉蟲具有寬闊的頭部，並延長至側面和尾部異常結實的頰部棘刺處，還長有小而略為朝上的眼睛。10個胸節長有寬闊的側板，延伸至結實的棘刺，有筆直的側板溝。尾甲上也長有刺。DescriptionLeonaspis is a widespread genus of odontopleurid trilobite that lived from the Late Ordovician to the late Middle Devonian. Fossils of various species have been found on all continents except Antarctica.地點/Location /參考 Referencehttps://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonaspis https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E7%8D%85%E9%A0%AD%E8%9F%B2編者 由 3A (11) 馮靖僖 於3/6/2019編寫 _________ 於17/1/18最後編改 Editor Created by 3A (11) Fung Ching Hei on 3/6/2019 Last modified by ________ as on 17/1/2018