化學組成, 鍵及結構：(礦物)

石炭紀

Chemical composition, bonding and structure: (Mineral)

The Carboniferous

原生物：(化石)

在地熱和壓力的作用下，泥炭層發生壓實、失水、肢體老化、硬結等各種變化而成為褐煤。地殼繼續下沉，褐煤的覆蓋層也隨之加厚。在地熱和靜壓力的作用下，褐煤繼續經受著物理化學變化而被壓實、失水。這個過程就是變質作用。

Living Specimens: (Fossil)

Under heat and pressure, the compaction, dehydration, physical aging of peat layers occur. These various changes become lignite. Crust continues to sink. Lignite will become thicker. In the role of geothermal and static pressure, lignite continue experiencing the physical and chemical changes and compacted, water loss, and becomes bituminous coal. This process is metamorphism. Cannel coal is a kind of bituminous coal.

燭煤燃點低，其火焰與蠟燭火焰相似。燭煤呈灰色或稍帶褐色，質輕，具較暗淡的瀝青光澤，緻密堅硬而韌性大。燭煤的揮發度、氫含量和含油率都較高。燃燒時會冒出黑煙，造成大氣污染。

The burning point of Cannel Coal is low. Its flame and candle flame are similar. Candle coal is grey or slightly brown in color. It is light, with a relatively bleak asphalt-like luster, hard and toughness. The volatility, hydrogen content and oil content are high. Smoke will be produced during burning, which causes ait pollution.

燭煤焦經煉製後能作為工業燃料。它曾經在19世紀中葉在西維吉尼亞州的煤制油的來源。如今，藝術家把它雕刻並打磨成雕塑和珠寶。

It is refined for industrial fuel. It used to be was a source for coal oil in West Virginia during the mid-1800s. Nowadays, it is valued by artists for its ability to be carved and polished into sculptures and jewelry.

英國的燭煤主要分佈在蘭開夏郡，約克郡，南威爾士，艾爾郡等它通常位於沿海地區。然而，仍然有一些在英國的中心找到。

Cannel Coal in England is mainly found in Lancashire, Yorkshire, South Wales, Ayrshire etc. It is usually located in coastal areas. Yet, there is still some found in the center of England.