Class: 5E Name: Lu Hok Him Year: 2014-2015 ​​ 化學組成,鍵及結構:(互鎖) ​ Chemical composition, bonding and structure:(interlocking) ​形成:(深成岩)(平均粒度的) 原生物: 熔岩的過程中形成的火成岩。當裂縫發展地殼到達岩漿，岩漿的壓力被釋放。岩漿上升沿裂縫地球表面。在它的途中，它冷卻並凝固。在冷卻過程中，結晶發生在岩漿或熔岩形成礦物質。礦物的集合體形成的岩石，被稱為火成岩。在火成岩，晶體出現彼此互鎖。 ​Formation:(Intrusive igneous rock)(median-grained) Living Specimens:(minerals) Igneous rocks are formed during the process of vulcanicity. When cracks develop in the crust and reach the magma, the pressure of magma is released. Magma rises along the cracks to the earth’s surface. On its way, it cools and solidifies. During the cooling process, crystallization takes place in magma or lava to form minerals. The aggregate of minerals forms rocks,…

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Class:5E Name: Lu Hok Him Year:2014-2015 ​地質年代： 化學組成, 鍵及結構：(互鎖) ​Geological Age: Chemical composition, bonding and structure: interlocking ​ 形成：(變形岩) (深成岩​) 原生物：(含輝石，石榴子石和斜長石) 在融岩和地殼變動發生的地方，任何現有的岩石可能受到高溫和高pressure.Under這些情況下，岩石會從它們的原始形式改變成一個完全新的岩石：火成岩可再熔化和再結晶到其他的岩石;沉積岩可以通過熱和壓力被熔合到更難岩石。以這種方式形成的岩石稱為變質岩。變質岩本身也可以在高溫高壓下再次變換。 變質作用是在兩種情況下給現有rocks.It發生轉型的過程術語： 1，內應力沿斷層或褶皺堆積：高壓可以在岩石中的礦物晶體重新排列，形成變質岩。這種變質的被命名為動態或區域變質作用。它通常是與大規模的造山運動過程有關。岩石被夷為平地，礦物質裡面有朝著扁平化的平面對齊。這會在所得到的岩面理化結構。 2.上升岩漿侵入岩石層：高溫可以使岩石晶體熔化和再結晶成新的岩石。這種變質稱為接觸或熱變質作用。它是局部的和熱的岩漿侵入產生的。當入侵觸及現有的搖滾區被稱為暈。換句話說，它是在那裡接觸變質作用發生。得到的岩石沒有表現出葉的結構。 1約100μm厚mantling的鈣長石和另一個200m左右厚充當Metadiorite和長英片麻岩之間的邊界灰度存在入鈣長石，其中的粉紅色斜長石成分增加（圖4）和鈣長石的包體存在.由於高耐火礦物質含量，變質輝長岩的響應是分解成在西南Roneval和東歐Maodal更小的單位進行剪切。後者是足夠極端分離的變質輝長岩從本身完全，從而使長英質片麻岩接觸Metadiorite直接。變質輝長岩的孤立鏡頭Metadiorite內出現長達3公里，距里韋爾堡帶   ​Formation:(Metamophric) (Intrusive) Living Specimens: (pyroxene, garnet and plagioclase​) In places where vulcanicity and crustal movement occur, any existing rock may be subject to high temperatures and high pressure.Under these circumstances, rocks will change from their original form into a completely new rock: igneous rocks can be re-melted and re-crystallized into other rocks; sedimentary rocks can be fused by heat and…

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Class: 4E Name: Lee Lap Shun Samson Year: 2014 – 2015 形成： 圖形花崗岩的成因主要是由在火成岩中脱溶和脱玻作用等混溶過程創建而成的。冷卻並凝結為晶體，各種礦物如長石、雲母及石英等礦物凝聚成為圖形花崗岩。     Formation: Graphic Granite is commonly created by exsolution and devitrification and immiscibility process in igneous rocks. It then cools and solidifies into different minerals. The aggregation of feldspar, mica and quartz etc… forms graphic granite.   特性： 圖形花崗岩是一種淺色的侵入火成岩，橫截面有一個古楔形文字般與眾不同的質感。紋理是從石英晶體(奶白色)和鹼性長石(淺灰色/粉紅色)在同一時間並以恆定的速率結晶化導致獨特的圖案外觀。由於岩漿侵入地底深層時，冷卻緩慢，故岩中礦物顆粒通常較大。 Properties: Graphic granite is a light colored intrusive igneous rock that has a distinctive texture that appears in cross section as ancient writing. The texturing is derived from the crystallization of colorless…

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Class: 4E Name: Lee Lap Shun Samson Year: 2014 – 2015 地質年代：前寒武紀 化學組成, 鍵及結構：不詳   Geological Age: Pre-Cambrian Chemical composition, bonding and structure: Unknown   形成： 環斑花崗岩是冷卻和熔化而成的火成岩及在地球表面之下的岩漿房慢慢結晶。他們會形成的岩基甚至會長達100公里以上。 原生物：不詳   Formation: Rapakivi granites are plutonic rocks (igneous rocks) that cooled and crystallised slowly from molten rock in magma chambers beneath the Earth’s surface.  They form sheet-like bodies called batholiths that are sometimes more than 100 km across. Living Specimens: Unknown   特性： 環斑花崗岩是一種火成岩包含着石英（奶白色）、長石（粉紅色）、雲母（黑色）及閃石(灰黑色)。而由於其不等粒狀本質，它很容易被風化。     Properties: It is an igneous rock containing coarse-grained quartz, feldspar and…

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Class: 5E Name: Natalie Kwan Year: 2014 – 2015 地質年代：不詳 化學組成, 鍵及結構：(鹼) 不詳 Geological Age: Unknown Chemical composition, bonding and structure: ( alkali) Unknown 形成：(火成岩) 原生物：(火成岩) 從殘餘液體石英二長形成的，但在這些擋堰晶洞腔內襯的α石英，表明沉積的固相線以下的揮發性富相續。普遍高溫蝕變導致：更換輝石由透輝石;氧化磁鐵礦和鈦鐵礦;更換閃石（完全）和黑雲母（部分地）由透輝石，鹼性長石，蒙脫石，綠泥石，磁鐵礦，鈦鐵礦，和方解石聚集體 Formation:( igneous rock) Living Specimens: (igneous rock) quartz monzonite formed from residual liquid, but miarolitic cavities in these dikes are lined with alpha quartz, indicating that deposition continued from a volatile-rich phase below the solidus. Pervasive high-temperature alteration led to: replacement of augite by diopside; oxidation of magnetite and ilmenite; replacement of amphibole (completely) and biotite (partially) by aggregates of…

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Class: 5E Name: Natalie Kwan Year: 2014 – 2015 地質年代：不詳 化學組成, 鍵及結構：(橄欖石和輝石) 不詳 Geological Age: Unknown Chemical composition, bonding and structure: ( olivine and pyroxene) Unknown 形成：(火成岩) 原生物：(火成岩) 分層橄欖岩的火成岩沉積物和茂密的橄欖石晶體的機械堆積形態。一些橄欖岩的形式沉澱和收集累積橄欖石和輝石從幔源岩漿，如玄武岩組成。與阿拉斯加型超鎂鐵複合物相關的橄欖岩是可能形成於火山的根區域累加。累積橄欖岩也形成科馬提岩熔岩流。 Formation:( igneous rock) Living Specimens: (igneous rock) Layered peridotites are igneous sediments and form by mechanical accumulation of dense olivine crystals. Some peridotite forms by precipitation and collection of cumulate olivine and pyroxene from mantle-derived magmas, such as those of basalt composition. Peridotites associated with Alaskan-type ultramafic complexes are cumulates that probably formed in the root zones of volcanoes. Cumulate peridotites…

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Class: 5E Name: Chum Ngai Hang Year: 2014 – 2015 地質年代： (岩石) (不詳) 化學組成, 鍵及結構：(礦物) 橄欖石，輝石和石榴石 Geological Age: (Fossil) (Rock) (Unknown) Chemical composition, bonding and structure: (Mineral) Olivine, pyroxene and garnet 形成：(岩石) (礦物) 原生物：(不詳) 石榴石橄欖岩的成因主要為入侵性火山作用，地幔中的岩漿透過地殼中的裂縫向上溢出，由於火山殘餘的溶漿緩慢，冷卻並凝結為晶體，各種礦物如橄欖石，輝石和石榴石凝聚成為石榴石橄欖岩。 Formation:(Rock) (Mineral) Living Specimens: (Unknown) Garnet peridotite is mainly formed by intrusive vulcanicity. Magma in the mantle rises through the cracks in the crust. The cooling rate is slow. It cools and solidifies into different minerals. The aggregation of olivine, pyroxene and garnet forms garnet pegmatite. 特性： 橄欖岩含有密集的晶體，具有粗粒結構。橄欖石含大量鎂質。橄欖岩位於地幔的上部，一般顏色為深綠色，橄欖石成分達到40%-50%以上，亦為橄欖岩主要的成份。二氧化矽含量低，令橄欖岩顏色較深。石榴石就是其一在橄欖岩上能被發現的晶體。相比於典型的火成岩，橄欖岩的礦物形成是相當不均勻，可能顯示不同的礦物組合區。石榴橄欖岩是侵入火成岩，包括石榴石 (紅色) 、橄欖石…

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Class: 4E Name: Chum Ngai Hang Year: 2014 – 2015 地質年代： (岩石) (青銅時代) 化學組成, 鍵及結構：(礦物) 石英，長石，石榴石和雲母 Geological Age: (Fossil) (Rock) (Bronze Age) Chemical composition, bonding and structure: (Mineral) Quartz, feldspar, garnet and mica 形成：(岩石) (礦物) 原生物：不詳 石榴石偉晶岩的成因主要為入侵性火山作用，地幔中的岩漿透過地殼中的裂縫向上溢出，由於火山殘餘的溶漿緩慢，冷卻並凝結為晶體，各種礦物如長石、雲母、石榴石及石英凝聚成為石榴石偉晶岩。 Formation:(Rock) (Mineral) Living Specimens: (Unknown) Garnet pegmatite is mainly formed by intrusive vulcanicity. Magma in the mantle rises through the cracks in the crust. The cooling rate is slow. It cools and solidifies into different minerals. The aggregation of feldspar, mica, garnet and quartz forms garnet pegmatite. 特性：…

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