名稱   紅剛玉/方解石Name   Corundum/Calcite化學公式   Al2O3/ CaCO3Chemical Formula   Al2O3/ CaCO3莫氏硬度   9Mohs scale of Hardness   9描述 紅剛玉有多種顏色，包括藍色，紅色，紫色，粉紅色，綠色，黃色，橙色，灰色，白色，無色和黑色。有時也為彩色或條紋。紅剛玉的條紋是白色的。其光澤為金剛烷。紅剛玉堅硬但易碎，有時被橫紋或蝕刻。紅剛玉不溶於酸Description There are many colours of corundum, including blue, red, violet, pink, green, yellow, orange, gray, white, colorless, and black. Occasionally also multicolored or striped. The streak of corundum is white. Its luster is vitreous to adamantine. Corundum is hard but brittle, sometimes striated or etched. It is insoluble in acids小挑戰 紅剛玉有什麼用？ 它用於研磨光學玻璃和研磨金屬，也製成砂紙和砂輪。Challenge What is the use of Corundum? It is used for grinding optical glass…

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名稱   橄欖石Name   Olivine化學公式   (Mg, Fe)2SiO4Chemical Formula   (Mg, Fe)2SiO4莫氏硬度   6.5-7Mohs scale of Hardness   6.5-7描述 它們通常呈綠色，成分通常介於 Mg2SiO4 和 Fe2SiO4 之間。許多人熟悉橄欖石，因為它是一種非常受歡迎的綠色寶石橄欖石的礦物。  Description   They are usually green in color and have compositions that typically range between Mg2SiO4 and Fe2SiO4. Many people are familiar with olivine because it is the mineral of a very popular green gemstone known as peridot.小挑戰   它的用途是什麼？ 橄欖石在鋼鐵廠用作白雲石的替代品。    Challenge   What is it used for?   Olivine is used as a substitute for dolomite in steel works.

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名稱   紅柱石Name Andalusite化學公式   Al2SiO5Chemical Formula Al2SiO5莫氏硬度   7.5Mohs scale of Hardness 7.5描述   顏色：粉紅色，紫色，黃色， 綠色，白色，灰色；薄截面， 無色至粉紅色或綠色 紅柱石的條紋顏色：白色 光澤：玻璃    Description Colour: Pink, violet, yellow, green, white, gray; in thin section,  colorless to pink or green color of streak for andalusite: White Luster: Vitreous小挑戰   紅柱石的用途：用於製造火花塞的 高溫瓷；用於製造用於熔爐，窯 爐，焚化爐的高溫陶瓷；高品質的 晶體通常被用作寶石。  Challenge Use of Andalusite: Used to manufacture high temperature porcelain of spark plugs; used to make  high-temperature ceramics used in furnaces, kilns,  incinerators; high-quality crystals are often used as  gemstones. Reference 1. https://www.google.com/search?q=Mohs+scale+of+hardness+ andalusite&oq=Mohs+scale+of+hardness+andalusite&aqs=chr ome..69i57.24618j0j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8…

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名稱 揭鐵礦Name Limonite化學公式 FeO(OH)•H2OChemical Formula FeO(OH)•H2O莫氏硬度 4–​5 1⁄2Mohs scale of Hardness 4–​5 1⁄2描述 顏色從鮮豔的檸檬黃色到暗淡的棕褐色不等。褐鐵礦在未上釉的瓷板上的條紋總是帶褐色的，此特徵使其與紅色條紋的赤鐵礦或黑色條紋的磁鐵礦區分開。它的光澤是樸實的。Description It varies in colour from a bright lemony yellow to a drab greyish brown. The streak of limonite on an unglazed porcelain plate is always brownish, a character which distinguishes it from hematite with a red streak, or from magnetite with a black streak. Its luster is Earthy.小挑戰 什麼時候第一次開採？ 至少從公元前2500年起就開始開採鐵。Challenge When is it first mined? It has been mined for the production of iron since at least 2500 BCE. Reference 1.…

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Code: ML046 名稱 orpimentName 雌黃化學公式 As2S3Chemical Formula As2S3莫氏硬度 1.5-2Mohs scale of Hardness 1.5-2描述 它具有檸檬黃色至金色或棕黃色。光澤為樹脂質，在乳溝表面呈珠光。條紋為黃色Description It has a lemon-yellow to golden or brownish yellow color. The luster is Resinous, pearly on cleavage surface. The streak is yellow小挑戰 雌黃的歷史用途是什麼？在中國被用作藥物  Challenge What is the historical use of orpiment? It was used as a medicine in China Reference 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orpiment By 4B Lo King Wai 20 on 26 Mar 2021

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Code: ML045 名稱   鈷華Name   Erythrite化學公式   Co3(AsO4)2·8H2OChemical Formula   Co3(AsO4)2·8H2O莫氏硬度   1.5-2.5Mohs scale of Hardness   1.5-2.5描述  帶紅色光澤的銀色，帶紫色光澤的鋼灰色至黑色，顆粒狀至大塊狀，很罕見條紋狀晶體，假立方體DescriptionCrimson to peach-red, pale rose, or pink, may be zoned. Radial or stellate aggregates, fibrous, drusy; usually powdery and massive – rarely as striated prismatic crystals    小挑戰   我們在哪裡可以找到這石頭？ 扎伊爾、贊比亞、美國、澳大利亞、菲律賓、摩洛哥、加拿大、芬蘭分佈較多。  Challenge   Where can we find this stone? Zaire, Zambia, the United States, Australia, the Philippines, Morocco, Canada, and Finland are more distributed. Reference https://baike.sogou.com/v443743.htm https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erythrite by Law Hau Yan on 17 Mar 2021

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名稱    八面體螢石Name Fluorite化學公式 CaF2Chemical Formula CaF2莫氏硬度  4Mohs scale of Hardness 4描述  它的顏色是無色的，儘管樣品經常由 於雜質而被深著色。 紫色，淡紫色， 金黃色，綠色，藍色，粉紅色，香檳 色，棕色。 它的光澤是玻璃的，條紋是白色的。Description It’s colour is Colorless, although samples are  often deeply colored owing to impurities; Purple,  lilac, golden-yellow, green, blue, pink,   champagne, brown. It’s lustre is Vitreous It’s streak is white   小挑戰 那裏可以找到八面體螢石？ 中國、古埃及、古羅⾺、英國、美國Challenge Where can you find the fluorite? China, ancient Egypt, ancient Rome,  Britain, the United States Reference 1. https://baike.baidu.com/item/萤石/258531?fromtitle=萤石矿&fromid=8815755 2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorite By 4B Lam Cheuk Ying Opal 12on 16/3

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名稱 金黃色重晶石Name Baryte化學公式 BaSO4Chemical formula BaSO4莫氏硬度 3-3.5Mohs scale of Hardness 3-3.5描述 重晶石自然地是由化學硫酸鋇組成的閃閃發光的晶體或凝結物，其顏色可能為黃色，紅棕色，淺綠色，藍色和白色Description Baryte displays as sparkling crystals or concretions naturally that are composed of chemical barium sulfate and might be found in colors yellow, reddish-brown, light green, blue, and white.小挑戰 我們在哪裡可以找到石頭？ 石材可以在印度，中國，伊朗，土耳其，希臘，羅馬尼亞，巴西，南非，秘魯，哈薩克斯坦，泰國，澳大利亞，摩洛哥，英國，英國，愛爾蘭，德國，加拿大和美國找到。    Challenge Where can we find the stone? The stone can be found in India, China, Iran, Turkey, Greece, Romania, Brazil, South Africa, Peru, Kazakhstan, Thailand, Australia, Morocco, Britain, United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, Canada, and the United States. Code:ML043

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名稱   紅電器石Name   Red Tourmaline化學公式   (Na,K,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn,Li,Al)3(Al,Fe,Cr,V)6Si6O18(BO3)3(O,OH,F)4Chemical Formula   (Na,K,Ca)(Mg,Fe,Mn,Li,Al)3(Al,Fe,Cr,V)6Si6O18(BO3)3(O,OH,F)4莫氏硬度   7-7.5Mohs scale of Hardness   7-7.5描述 一種含硼的環狀硼矽酸鹽礦物,具有壓電效應 其他種類的電氣石:鐵電氣石,鎂電氣石,鋰電氣石.    Description A red crystalline boron silicate mineral that have Piezoelectricity property. Other type of tourmaline:schorl(consist of Iron and Sodium),dravite(consist of magnesium and Sodium),elbaite(consist of lead)小挑戰   鋰電氣石(elbaite)源於哪裏？ (義大利厄爾巴島)Challenge   Where do elbaite originated from? (Island of Elba,Italy)   Reference 1.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourmaline 2. https://www.gemsociety.org/article/tourmaline-jewelry-and-gemstone-information/ By 4B Ko Ka Chun (9) on 16/4

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